A 30 minute session to get some practice with a part of QACing.
Warm-up
Here are a few questions about semantic headings. Pick one and bring your answer along to the session!
- How many level 1 headings should a page have?
- Who uses page headings, and how? Think about different humans and different technology!
- What’s the best cominbation of HTML and CSS to use for headings?
- What’s the current heading structure of your product?
- What are some ways to check the headings levels on a page?
- What makes for good heading text?
Share your answers
Here are some example answers. Don’t peek until you’ve shared your own, though!
How many level 1 headings should a page have?
Just one! More is okay, but could be confusing. The heading level 1 is the main heading of the page, and should describe the topic or purpose of the page.
Who uses page headings, and how? Think about different humans and different technology!
- screen reader users to hear what’s on the page, and to jump to a section of the page;
- sighted users who are visually scanning a page;
- search engines to figure out what’s on the page.
What's the best cominbation of HTML and CSS to use for headings?
Semantic HTML, and any CSS that doesn't mess with the display
! Unstyled heading elements give us a good guide: the heading level one should be bigger than heading level two, and so on.
What are some ways to check the headings levels on a page?
- The headings Accessibility Bookmarklet.
- Ad hoc tools > Headings of Microsoft’s Accessibility Insights browser extension (Chrome only).
What makes for good heading text?
It describes the topic or purpose of the content immediately after it.
Check that the headings are marked up correctly
After five minutes of testing, stop and do a one-minute review with a partner. What did you do, what did you learn?
- Is everything that looks like a heading marked up as a heading?
- Are the headings ordered and nested correctly?
How to view heading levels
- Install Microsoft’s Accessibility Insights browser extension.
- Activate the Ad hoc tols > Headings.
- You can also check with a screen reader by listing all the headings or by using the “next heading” shortcut. (Have a look at the 1st August 2023 QE CoP for tips on how to do that)
Cool-down
What next?
Set yourself a goal to put what you learned into practice.
- What will you do?
- When will you do it?
- Where will you do it?
- Who will be involved?
- How will you do it?
- Why do this?
Write a sentence starting with “I will…”. Include as many of the 5Ws and 1H as you can for best results!
Quick reflection
Pick one to answer and share with the group.
- What did you enjoy about the session?
- What surprised you?
- How confident do you feel checking headings now?
Further Reading
- More accessible headings.
- Accessible heading structure
- axe rules about headings: Heading levels should only increase by one; Page should contain a level-one heading; Styled
<p>
elements must not be used as headings. - WCAG pages about headings: Understanding SC 2.4.6:Headings and Labels (Level AA); Understanding SC 1.3.1:Info and Relationships (Level A).